The attempted coup on September 30, 1965, in Indonesia, was a bloody affair. As many as 500,000 people may have been killed, with most of the victims executed by the Indonesian military and paramilitaries.
The attempted coup was led by a group of left-wing Indonesian military officers calling themselves the September 30th Movement (G30S). The group seized control of several key government buildings in the capital city of Jakarta, and announced that they were overthrowing the government of President Sukarno.
The Indonesian military and paramilitaries, led by General Suharto, responded quickly and brutally. They killed anyone suspected of being involved in the coup, including civilians, and arrested thousands of others. The military eventually prevailed, and Suharto took control of the government. He would rule Indonesia with an iron fist for the next 32 years.
The events of September 30, 1965, are still a controversial topic in Indonesia. Many historians and scholars argue that the coup was actually a staged event, engineered by the Indonesian military and Suharto to justify their seizure of power. Others argue that the coup was a genuine attempt by left-wing officers to overthrow the government. The truth may never be known for sure.
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What was the uprising of 1965 called in Indonesia?
In Indonesia, the uprising of 1965 is generally known as “Gerakan 30 September” (“the September 30th Movement”). The term is an umbrella term used to describe a series of attempted military coups d’état and uprisings that took place in Indonesia throughout 1965. The most significant and successful of these attempted coups took place on September 30, 1965, and is hence known as the “30 September Movement”.
The 30 September Movement was led by a group of Indonesian army officers known as the “Council of Generals” (Indonesian: “Dewan Jenderal”). The Council of Generals was a group of senior army officers who opposed the policies of Indonesia’s president, Sukarno. The 30 September Movement sought to remove Sukarno from power and replace him with a military-led government.
The 30 September Movement was ultimately unsuccessful, and Sukarno remained in power. However, the attempted coup d’état led to a period of instability and violence in Indonesia, which lasted until Sukarno’s downfall in 1998. The 30 September Movement is widely considered to be one of the most significant events in modern Indonesian history.
When did US bomb Indonesia?
The United States has a long history of involvement in Indonesia, including military action. The US bombed Indonesia in 1998, as part of Operation Infinite Reach.
The US first became involved in Indonesia in the early 1800s, when the US began to trade with the country. In 1816, the US opened a consulate in Batavia (now Jakarta). The US began to feel more strongly about Indonesia in the early 1900s, as the country became a more important part of the region.
In 1942, the US and the UK (the UK was also involved in Indonesia) invaded Indonesia in order to fight against the Japanese. The US and the UK occupied Indonesia for the rest of World War II. After the war, the US withdrew from Indonesia, but the UK stayed.
In the 1950s, the US became involved in a conflict in Indonesia known as the Indonesia-Malaysia Confrontation. The US supported the Malaysian side in the conflict.
In 1965, a military coup in Indonesia led to a brutal dictatorship. The US supported the dictatorship, and provided the dictatorship with military aid.
In 1998, the US bombed Indonesia as part of Operation Infinite Reach. The US bombed a pharmaceutical factory in the city of Kandahar, in retaliation for the bombings of two US embassies in East Africa. The US bombing of Indonesia was highly controversial, and was condemned by many.
What happened on the 30th of September in Indonesia?
The 30th of September is a significant day in Indonesian history. On this day in 1945, the country declared its independence from the Dutch colonial rulers.
The 30th of September is now a public holiday in Indonesia, and is celebrated each year with patriotic speeches, parades and fireworks.
The road to Indonesian independence was a long and arduous one. For centuries, the Dutch had ruled Indonesia as a colony. However, by the early 20th century, there was growing pressure from Indonesian nationalists for independence.
On the 30th of September 1945, the Indonesian nationalist leaders Sukarno and Hatta proclaimed independence from the Dutch. The Dutch initially tried to suppress the rebellion, but were eventually forced to withdraw from Indonesia.
The Indonesian declaration of independence was a momentous event, and marked the beginning of a new, independent nation. In the years since, Indonesia has become a thriving democracy and one of the most populous countries in the world.
What caused the fall of Sukarno?
The fall of Sukarno, the first president of Indonesia, has been a matter of debate for many years. There are many factors that contributed to his downfall, including the communist threat, the oil crisis, and the Guided Democracy policy.
Sukarno’s rise to power was a result of his charisma and his ability to appeal to the people. He was a nationalist who was able to unite the diverse population of Indonesia. However, his policies led to increased corruption and a deterioration of the economy.
The communist threat was a major factor in the fall of Sukarno. The Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) was a powerful force in the country, and Sukarno was sympathetic to their cause. In 1965, a group of military officers, led by General Suharto, staged a coup and overthrew Sukarno. The coup was supported by the United States, and Suharto became the new president.
The oil crisis was another factor that contributed to the fall of Sukarno. Indonesia was a major oil producer, and the oil crisis of 1973 caused a decrease in the price of oil. This led to a decline in the Indonesian economy and increased poverty.
The Guided Democracy policy was also a factor in the fall of Sukarno. Under this policy, Sukarno had increased control over the government and the media. This led to a deterioration of democracy and increased censorship.
The fall of Sukarno was a result of many factors, including the communist threat, the oil crisis, and the Guided Democracy policy.
How many Chinese were killed by Indonesia?
Since the late 1990s, the Indonesian government has admitted that the military killed over 1,000 Chinese civilians during the anti-communist purge of 1965-66. The number of Chinese killed by Indonesia is still a matter of dispute, with some estimates putting the number as high as 3,000.
The anti-communist purge of 1965-66 was a campaign by the Indonesian government to rid the country of communists and communist sympathizers. The campaign began in October 1965, after six army officers were killed in a failed coup attempt by the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI). The Indonesian military and allied groups began targeting anyone suspected of being a communist or communist sympathizer. This included Chinese civilians, who were accused of being sympathetic to the PKI.
The military and allied groups killed Chinese civilians in a number of ways, including shooting them, burning them alive, and throwing them into rivers. Many Chinese civilians were also raped and tortured. The Indonesian government has admitted that the military and allied groups killed over 1,000 Chinese civilians during the purge.
The number of Chinese killed by Indonesia is still a matter of dispute, with some estimates putting the number as high as 3,000. The Chinese government has put the number of Chinese killed by Indonesia at around 2,000. The Indonesian government has never released an official estimate of the number of Chinese killed.
The Indonesian government has apologized for the killings of Chinese civilians during the purge. In 1998, then-President B.J. Habibie issued a formal apology to the Chinese government. In 2000, then-President Abdurrahman Wahid issued a decree awarding compensation to the families of the Chinese victims.
Is communism banned in Indonesia?
Since 1965, communism has been banned in Indonesia. This ban was enacted after a failed coup attempt by the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) that left six army generals dead. The coup attempt also led to the massacre of an estimated 500,000 to 1 million suspected PKI members and sympathizers.
The Indonesian government has justified the ban on communism by citing the need to protect national security. However, many human rights organizations have criticized the ban, arguing that it violates the right to freedom of expression.
Despite the ban, communism remains active in Indonesia. The PKI is still operational, and there are several small, underground communist parties. In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in communism in Indonesia, and the ban has been increasingly challenged.
Is USA and Indonesia allies?
The United States of America (USA) and Indonesia have long been allies, with strong economic and military ties. The two countries have cooperated on issues such as counterterrorism, trade, and maritime security in the region. However, there have been some strains in the relationship in recent years.
The United States and Indonesia share a long history of bilateral cooperation. The two countries first established diplomatic relations in 1949. The United States has been a major investor in Indonesia, and the two economies are tightly integrated. The United States is also one of the biggest buyers of Indonesian exports.
The two countries have also been close military allies. The United States has provided significant military assistance to Indonesia, and the two countries have conducted joint military exercises. The two countries have cooperated on issues such as counterterrorism and maritime security.
However, there have been some strains in the relationship in recent years. In particular, the United States has been critical of Indonesia’s human rights record. The United States has also been critical of Indonesia’s efforts to combat terrorism.
The two countries have also disagreed on certain trade issues. The United States has been critical of Indonesia’s barriers to U.S. agricultural exports. The United States has also been critical of Indonesia’s restrictions on American investment.
However, the two countries continue to cooperate on important issues such as counterterrorism and maritime security. The two countries are also important partners in the global fight against climate change.
Overall, the United States and Indonesia remain close allies. The two countries have a strong economic and military relationship, and they continue to cooperate on important issues such as counterterrorism and maritime security.